The MiG-27, known as the 'Bahadur' in India, served a prominent but troubled role in the Indian Air Force (IAF) for over three decades. Despite plans to extend its life and enhance its capabilities, including a proposal to re-engine the aircraft with the more powerful and reliable AL-31F, the IAF ultimately decided to retire the MiG-27 fleet prematurely.
Operational Challenges and the AL-31F Proposal
Inducted in the mid-1980s, the MiG-27 was envisioned as a powerful ground-attack aircraft. However, its operational life was plagued by various issues, including the unreliable Tumansky R-29-B-300 engine. To address these concerns, the IAF considered re-engining the MiG-27s with the AL-31F, which powers the Su-30MKI.
A demonstration of a MiG-27 fitted with the AL-31F showed promising results, indicating improved performance and potentially extended service life. However, re-engining an entire fleet is a complex and costly undertaking. The financial outlay required, along with necessary modifications to the airframe and systems, proved to be a major deterrent.
Factors Leading to Retirement
Beyond the engine issues, the MiG-27s suffered from poor build quality, including structural and systems-related issues that persisted despite mid-life upgrades. The overall reliability and airworthiness of the aircraft remained a concern.
Moreover, by the late 2010s, the IAF was undergoing a strategic shift towards modernizing its fleet with newer and more capable aircraft. Investments in platforms like the Su-30MKI, the indigenous HAL Tejas, and potential acquisitions of other advanced fighters took precedence over extending the life of older aircraft.
Even with a new engine, the MiG-27’s design limitations would have constrained its operational effectiveness in modern combat scenarios. The IAF sought platforms that offered greater versatility and technological sophistication.
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